Ixabiso leemveliso zetsimbi kwimarike yasekhaya liye lanyuka phezulu ngo-Matshi, kwaye kunzima ukuqhubeka nokunyuka kwixesha elizayo, ngoko ke ukuguquguquka okuncinci kufuneka kube yinto ehamba phambili.
Ngo-Matshi, imfuno yemarike yasekhaya yayinamandla, kwaye ixabiso leemveliso zetsimbi lanyuka phezulu, kwaye ukunyuka kwakukhulu kunenyanga edlulileyo.Ukusukela ekuqaleni kuka-Epreli, amaxabiso entsimbi anyuke kuqala aze awela, ngokuqhelekileyo aqhubeka eguquguquka ukuya phezulu.
1. Isalathiso sexabiso lentsimbi yasekhaya yaseTshayina sanyuka ngenyanga-ngenyanga.
Ngokohlolo lwe-Iron kunye neNsimbiAmaqabaneqhubekaekupheleni kuka-Matshi, i-China Steel Price Index (CSPI) yayiyi-136.28 amaphuzu, ukunyuka kwamanqaku e-4.92 ukusuka ekupheleni kukaFebruwari, ukunyuka kwe-3.75%, kunye nokunyuka konyaka kwamanqaku angama-37.07, ukwanda kwe 37.37%.(Bona ngezantsi)
Itshathi yexabiso lentsimbi yaseTshayina (CSPI).
- Amaxabiso eemveliso ezinkulu zentsimbi anyukile.
Ekupheleni kuka-Matshi, amaxabiso azo zonke iintlobo ezisibhozo zentsimbi ezibekwe esweni yi-Iron and Steel Association anda.Phakathi kwazo, amaxabiso entsimbi ye-angle, amacwecwe aphakathi kunye anzima, iikhoyili ezishushu ezishushu kunye nemibhobho engenamthungo eshushu iye yanda kakhulu, inyuka nge-286 yuan / ton, 242 yuan / ton, 231 yuan / ton kunye ne-289 yuan / ton ngokulandelanayo. ukusuka kwinyanga edlulileyo;Ukunyuka kwexabiso le-rebar, i-sheet rolling ebandayo kunye ne-galvanized sheet yayincinci, inyuka nge-114 yuan / ton, 158 yuan / ton, 42 yuan / ton kunye ne-121 yuan / toni ngokulandelelanayo ukusuka kwinyanga edlulileyo.(Jonga le theyibhile ingezantsi)
Itheyibhile yokutshintsha kwamaxabiso kunye nezalathisi zeemveliso ezinkulu zentsimbi
2.Uhlalutyo lwezinto eziguqukayo zexabiso lentsimbi kwimarike yasekhaya.
Ngo-Matshi, imarike yasekhaya yangena kwixesha eliphakamileyo lokusetyenziswa kwensimbi, imfuno yentsimbi esezantsi yayinamandla, amaxabiso emarike yamazwe ngamazwe anyuka, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwagcina ukukhula, ukulindela kweemarike kwanda, kwaye amaxabiso ensimbi aqhubeka nokunyuka.
- (1) Ishishini eliphambili lensimbi lizinzile kwaye liphucula, kwaye imfuno yensimbi iyaqhubeka ikhula.
Ngokutsho kweZiko leSizwe leZibalo-manani, imveliso yelizwe jikelele (i-GDP) kwikota yokuqala inyuke nge-18.3% unyaka nonyaka, i-0.6% ukusuka kwikota yesine ka-2020, kunye ne-10.3% ukusuka kwikota yokuqala yowama-2019;utyalo-mali olusisigxina lwesizwe (ngaphandle kwamakhaya asemaphandleni) lunyuke unyaka nonyaka nge-25.6%.Phakathi kwazo, utyalo-mali lweziseko ezingundoqo lunyuke ngama-29.7% unyaka nonyaka, utyalo-mali lophuhliso lwezindlu nomhlaba lunyuke ngama-25.6% unyaka nonyaka, kwaye indawo esanda kuqaliswa yezindlu inyuke nge-28.2%.Ngo-Matshi, ixabiso elongeziweyo lamashishini amashishini ngaphezu kobukhulu obumiselweyo linyuke nge-14.1% ngonyaka.Phakathi kwabo, ishishini lokuvelisa izixhobo ngokubanzi linyuke nge-20.2%, ishishini lokuvelisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo linyuke nge-17.9%, ishishini lokuvelisa iimoto linyuke nge-40.4%, uloliwe, inqanawa, i-aerospace kunye nezinye izixhobo zothutho lokuvelisa izixhobo zonyuka nge-9.8%, kwaye oomatshini bombane kunye neshishini lokwenziwa kwezixhobo linyuke nge-24.1%.Ishishini lekhompyutha, unxibelelwano kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane likhule nge-12.2%.Lilonke, uqoqosho lwelizwe luqale kakuhle kwikota yokuqala, kwaye ishishini lentsimbi elisezantsi linemfuno emandla.
- (2) Ukuveliswa kwentsimbi kuye kwagcina umgangatho ophezulu, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwentsimbi kwamanye amazwe kuye kwanda kakhulu.
Ngokwezibalo ze-Iron and Steel Association, ngo-Matshi, imveliso yelizwe yentsimbi yengulube, intsimbi ekrwada kunye nentsimbi (ngaphandle kwezinto eziphindaphindiweyo) yayiyi-74.75 yezigidi zeetoni, i-94.02 yezigidi zeetoni kunye ne-11.87 yezigidi zeetoni, ngokulandelanayo, i-8.9%. 19.1% kunye ne-20.9% unyaka nonyaka;Imveliso yemihla ngemihla yensimbi yayiyi-3.0329 yezigidi zeetoni, ukunyuka okuphakathi kwe-2.3% kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala.Ngokwezibalo zamasiko, ngo-Matshi, ukuthengiswa kwelizwe kweemveliso zetsimbi kwakuyi-7.54 yezigidi zeetoni, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-16.4%;iimveliso zentsimbi ezivela kumazwe angaphandle zaziyi-1.32 yezigidi zeetoni, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-16.0%;I-net steel ethunyelwe kumazwe angaphandle ibizizigidi ezi-6.22 zeetoni, ukunyuka konyaka nonyaka nge-16.5%.Imveliso yensimbi kwimarike yasekhaya igcine inqanaba eliphezulu, ukuthunyelwa kwentsimbi kwamanye amazwe kwaqhubeka nokuphindaphinda, kwaye imeko yokubonelela kunye nemfuno kwimarike yensimbi yahlala izinzile.
- (3) Amaxabiso emigodi evela kumazwe angaphandle kunye necoke yamalahle alungisiwe, kwaye amaxabiso ewonke asephezulu.
Ngokutsho kwezibalo ze-Iron and Steel Association, ekupheleni kuka-Matshi, ixabiso le-iron ore yasekhaya ligxininise i-25 yuan / ton, ixabiso le-ore elithunyelwa ngaphandle (CIOPI) lehla nge-10.15 yeedola zase-US / toni, kunye namaxabiso. i-coke coke kunye ne-metallurgical coke yehle nge-45 yuan/ton kunye ne-559 yuan/ton ngokulandelelanayo.Itoni, ixabiso lentsimbi ye-scrap linyuke nge-38 yuan / toni ngenyanga-ngenyanga.Xa kujongwa imeko yonyaka nonyaka, intsimbi yasekhaya igxininisa kunye nentsimbi ekrwada evela kumazwe angaphandle inyuke nge-55.81% kunye ne-93.22%, ixabiso le-coke yamalahle kunye ne-metallurgical coke linyuke nge-7.97% kunye ne-26.20%, kwaye amaxabiso entsimbi ye-scrap anyuke nge-32.36%.Amaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza kunye neefutha zidibanisa kwizinga eliphezulu, eliya kuqhubeka nokuxhasa amaxabiso ensimbi.
I-3.Ixabiso leemveliso zetsimbi kwiimarike zamazwe ngamazwe laqhubeka likhula, kwaye ukunyuka kwenyanga ngenyanga kwandiswa.
Ngo-Matshi, i-index yexabiso lensimbi yamazwe ngamazwe (CRU) yayiyi-246.0 amaphuzu, ukunyuka kwamanqaku e-14.3 okanye i-6.2% ngenyanga-ngenyanga, ukwanda kweepesenti ze-2.6 kwinyanga edlulileyo;ukwanda ngamanqaku angama-91.2 okanye ngama-58.9% kwangelo xesha linye kulo nyaka uphelileyo.(Jonga umfanekiso kunye netheyibhile engezantsi)
Itshathi ye-International Steel Price Index (CRU).
4.Uhlalutyo lwexabiso lentengo yemarike yentsimbi kamva.
Okwangoku, imarike yensimbi ikwixesha elifunekayo lemfuno.Ngenxa yezinto ezifana nezithintelo zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ulindelo lokwehliswa kwemveliso kunye nokukhula kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, amaxabiso entsimbi kwimarike yamva kulindeleke ukuba ahlale ezinzile.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokunyuka okukhulu kwixesha langaphambili kunye nesantya sokukhula ngokukhawuleza, ubunzima bokudlulisela kwishishini elisezantsi liye landa, kwaye kunzima ukuba ixabiso liqhubeke nokunyuka kwixesha elizayo, kwaye ukuguquguquka okuncinci kufuneka kube esona sizathu.
- (1) Ukukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba kuphucuke, kwaye imfuno yentsimbi iyaqhubeka ikhula
Xa sijonga imeko yamazwe ngamazwe, imeko yezoqoqosho yehlabathi iyaqhubeka nokuphucuka.I-International Monetary Fund (IMF) ikhuphe “iNgxelo yokuJonga uQoqosho lweHlabathi” ngomhla wesi-6 kuTshazimpunzi, iqikelela ukuba uqoqosho lwehlabathi luya kukhula nge-6.0% ngowama-2021, lunyuke nge-0.5% ukusuka kuqikelelo lwangoJanuwari;i-World Steel Association ikhuphe isibikezelo sexesha elifutshane ngo-Ephreli 15 Kwi-2021, imfuno yensimbi yehlabathi iya kufikelela kwi-1.874 yeetoni zeebhiliyoni, ukwanda kwe-5.8%.Phakathi kwabo, i-China ikhule nge-3.0%, ngaphandle kwamazwe kunye nemimandla ngaphandle kwe-China, ekhule nge-9.3%.Xa sijonga imeko yasekhaya, ilizwe lam likunyaka wokuqala “we-14th Year-Five Plan”.Njengoko uqoqosho lwangaphakathi luqhubeleka ukuchacha ngokuthe chu, ukhuseleko lwemiba yeprojekthi yotyalo-mali iye yomelezwa ngokuthe gqolo, kwaye intsingiselo yohlumo lokubuyisela utyalo-mali oluzinzileyo kwixesha elizayo iza kuqhubeka idityaniswa."Kusekho indawo eninzi yotyalo-mali ekuguquleni amashishini emveli kunye nokuphuculwa kwamashishini asakhulayo, anempembelelo enamandla yokuvuselela imfuno yokuvelisa kunye nentsimbi.
- (2) Imveliso yentsimbi ihlala ikwinqanaba eliphezulu, yaye kunzima ukuba amaxabiso entsimbi anyuke ngokukhawuleza.
Ngokwezibalo ezivela kwi-Iron and Steel Association, kwiintsuku ezilishumi zokuqala zika-Epreli, imveliso yentsimbi ekrwada yemihla ngemihla (umgangatho ofanayo) yeenkampani eziphambili zentsimbi yanda nge-2.88% ngenyanga, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba intsimbi ekrwada yelizwe. isiphumo sinyuke nge-1.14% inyanga nenyanga.Ngokwembono yemeko yokubonelela, "ukujonga ngasemva" kwentsimbi kunye nokunciphisa umthamo wentsimbi, ukunciphisa imveliso yentsimbi ekrwada, kunye nokulawulwa kokusingqongileyo sele kuza kuqalisa, kwaye kunzima ukuba imveliso yentsimbi ekrwada inyuke kakhulu. ixesha lamva.Ukusuka kwicala leemfuno, ngenxa yokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kunye nokunyuka okukhulu kwamaxabiso ensimbi ukususela ngo-Matshi, amashishini ensimbi asezantsi afana nokwakhiwa kweenqanawa kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya azikwazi ukumelana nokuqiniswa okuphezulu okuqhubekayo kwamaxabiso ensimbi, kwaye amaxabiso ensimbi alandelayo awakwazi ukuqhubeka nokunyuka ngokukhawuleza.
- (3) Uluhlu lweempahla zensimbi lwaqhubeka luhla, kwaye uxinzelelo lweemarike lwancitshiswa kwixesha elizayo.
Ukuchaphazeleka ngokukhula okukhawulezayo kwemfuno kwimarike yasekhaya, izixhobo zensimbi ziye zaqhubeka zihla.Ekuqaleni kuka-Epreli, ngokwembono yentlalo yoluntu, i-social stocks of the five main metal products in 20 izixeko zazingama-15.22 ezigidi zeetoni, ezaziphantsi kweentsuku ezintathu ezilandelelanayo.Ukuhla okongezelekayo kube yi-2.55 yezigidi zeetoni ukusuka kwindawo ephezulu enyakeni, ukwehla nge-14.35%;ukuhla nge-2.81 yezigidi zeetoni unyaka nonyaka.15.59%.Ngokombono we-inventory yeshishini lensimbi, izibalo eziphambili ze-iron kunye ne-steel association of steel enterprise steel inventory yi-15.5 yezigidi zeetoni, ukunyuka ukusuka kwisiqingatha sokuqala senyanga, kodwa xa kuthelekiswa nomgangatho ophezulu kunyaka ofanayo, yawa ngo-2.39 iitoni ezizigidi, ukuncipha nge-13.35%;ukwehla konyaka-ngonyaka kwe-2.45 yezigidi zeetoni, ukuncipha Kwakuyi-13.67%.Uluhlu lweempahla lwamashishini kunye noluhlu lwentlalo luqhubekile nokuhla, kwaye uxinzelelo lwemarike luye lwancitshiswa ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo.
5. Imiba ephambili ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo kwimarike yamva:
- Okokuqala, inqanaba lemveliso yensimbi liphezulu, kwaye ibhalansi yokubonelela kunye nemfuno ijongene nemingeni.Ukusukela ngoJanuwari ukuya kutsho kweyoKwindla kulo nyaka, imveliso yesizwe yentsimbi ekrwada ifikelele kwi-271 yezigidi zeetoni, ukunyuka konyaka-nyaka nge-15.6%, nokugcina umgangatho ophezulu wemveliso.Ulungelelwaniso lokubonelela ngeemarike kunye nemfuno lujongene nemingeni, kwaye kukho umsantsa omkhulu phakathi kweemfuno zonyaka zokunciphisa imveliso yelizwe.Amashishini entsimbi kunye nentsimbi kufuneka alungelelanise isantya semveliso, ahlengahlengise ubume bemveliso ngokweenguqu kwimfuno yemarike, kwaye akhuthaze ulungelelwaniso lonikezelo lwemarike kunye nemfuno.
- Okwesibini, amaxabiso aphezulu aguquguqukayo ezinto eziluhlaza kunye namafutha anyuse uxinzelelo kwiinkampani zetsimbi ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle.Ngokokubeka iliso kwi-Iron and Steel Association, ngo-Aprili 16, i-CIOPI intengo yentsimbi ephuma ngaphandle yayiyi-US $ 176.39 / ton, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka we-110.34%, eyayiphezulu kakhulu kunokunyuka kwamaxabiso ensimbi.Amaxabiso ezinto ezibonakalayo ezifana nentsimbi yentsimbi, i-scrap iron, kunye ne-coke coke iyaqhubeka iphezulu, eya kwandisa uxinzelelo kwiinkampani zentsimbi kunye nentsimbi ukunciphisa iindleko kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwizigaba ezilandelayo.
- Okwesithathu, uqoqosho lwehlabathi lujongene nemiba engaqinisekanga kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle kujongene nobunzima obukhulu.NgoLwesihlanu ophelileyo, uMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi ubambe inkomfa yabezindaba echaza ukuba kwezi nyanga zimbini zidlulileyo, inani leveki leemeko ezitsha zesithsaba kwihlabathi liphela liphantse laphindaphindeka kabini, kwaye lisondela kwelona nqanaba liphezulu losulelo ukusukela oko kuqhambuke, nto leyo eya kubangela ukuqhambuka. tsala ukuchacha koqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye nemfuno.Ukongezelela, umgaqo-nkqubo wesaphulelo serhafu yensimbi yasekhaya unokulungiswa, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwentsimbi kwamanye amazwe kujongene nobunzima obukhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-22-2021